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Worm infestation

Hairworms and roundworms are widespread in pigeon flocks, whereas tapeworms are less common. These worm types live as parasites in the small intestine of pigeons.

Pathogen:

• The hairworm, Capillaria obsignata - a very slender, hair-like parasite - infests various poultry species in addition to pigeons. Hairworm eggs become infective in the environment after 8-9 days.
• The pigeon roundworm, Ascaridia columbae, only occurs in pigeons. The eggs become infective in the environment after 2-3 weeks.
• Two types of tapeworm, Hymenolepis columbae and Raillietina columbae, infest pigeons. Their emergence is dependent on suitable intermediate hosts (snails, beetles, ants), which they require in order to develop. Pigeons only become infected if they ingest an intermediate host.

The interval between ingestion of infective worm eggs, sexual maturation of the new generation of worms and the first excretion of eggs in the faeces (prepatent period) is 5-6 weeks for roundworms, 3-4 weeks for hairworms and approx. 2 weeks for tapeworms. All types of worms may also appear at the same time.

Symptoms of the disease:
Affected pigeons produce droppings of varying consistency 10-12 days after ingesting infective eggs or an intermediate host. Appetite is initially increased, but diminishes as infestation progresses. The birds lose weight. Heavily infested pigeons usually show impaired general condition and are listless and apathetic with dull, ruffled plumage.

Recognition of the disease:
Hairworm and roundworm infestation is identified by microscopic examination of faecal samples (prepared according to the flotation method). When the intestine is cut open during the cadaver examination, the yellowish-white roundworms are clearly visible, whereas the fine, white hairworms require a smear preparation, which is floated in a flat dish with a dark base.
In many cases, the intestinal mucosa also reveals inflammatory lesions and focal haemorrhages caused by the burrowing of parasites. Tapeworm infestation is demonstrated by the identification of tapeworm segments or eggs in the faeces.

Similar conditions:
Salmonellosis, Coccidiosis, E.coli infection.

Treatment:
Deworm all pigeons in a flock at the same time using 1 capsule of ascapilla^®+ per pigeon. Before administering the capsule, moisten it with edible oil. Introduce it through the opened beak, then gently massage the pigeon’s throat in the direction of the crop to ensure the capsule slides down smoothly. Check that deworming has been successful 3-4 weeks after administering the capsule by microscopic examination of faecal samples.

Note:
Pigeons should not be dewormed while they are rearing the young or during the main moult.

Duration of treatment		Week 1							Week 2							Week 3							Week 4
Day		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28
Breeder’s check list
ascapilla®+	oral application
multivitamin EB12	drinking water
liviferm	drinking water
parafectans	disinfection

necessary treatment
optional back-up treatment

Worm infestation - Table of requirements for the flock

Product and duration of treatment	Dosage	Total requirements for 100 pigeons (entire treatment period)
ascapilla®+ 1 day	1 caps. per pigeon and day	capsules packages	100 1
multivitamin EB12 2 days	½ sachet per litre or 2 caps. per pigeon and day	sachets packages capsules packages	5 1 400 4
liviferm 5 days	½ sachet per litre or 1 caps. per pigeon and day	sachets packages capsules packages	12 ½ 2 500 5

chevita - Requirement calculation: Worm infestation

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